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<channel>
	<title>Yet another Tech Blog &#187; Ubuntu</title>
	<atom:link href="http://www.yatblog.com/category/linux/ubuntu/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://www.yatblog.com</link>
	<description>The freshest &#38; hottest solutions, not just pointless and endless discussions. Finally a tech blog you can use!</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Mon, 16 Feb 2009 18:36:54 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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			<item>
		<title>Upgrading to Ubuntu Gutsy Gibbon 7.10</title>
		<link>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/10/18/upgrading_to_ubuntu_gutsy_gibbon/</link>
		<comments>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/10/18/upgrading_to_ubuntu_gutsy_gibbon/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 18 Oct 2007 16:56:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Martin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.yatblog.com/2007/10/18/upgrading_to_ubuntu_gutsy_gibbon/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Ubuntu Gutsy Gibbon 7.10 was released today. Here&#8217;s a few pictures of the upgrade process.





















Share This
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ubuntu Gutsy Gibbon 7.10 was released today. Here&#8217;s a few pictures of the upgrade process.</p>
<p><a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/1.jpg" title="ubuntu-update1"><img id="image190" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/1.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update1" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/2.jpg" title="ubuntu-update2"><img id="image191" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/2.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update2" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/3.jpg" title="ubuntu-update3"><img id="image192" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/3.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update3" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/4.jpg" title="ubuntu-update4"><img id="image193" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/4.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update4" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/5.jpg" title="ubuntu-update5"><img id="image194" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/5.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update5" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/6.jpg" title="ubuntu-update6"><img id="image195" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/6.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update6" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/7.jpg" title="ubuntu-update7"><img id="image196" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/7.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update7" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/8.jpg" title="ubuntu-update8"><img id="image197" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/8.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update8" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/9.jpg" title="ubuntu-update9"><img id="image198" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/9.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update9" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/10.jpg" title="ubuntu-update10"><img id="image199" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/10.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update10" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/11.jpg" title="ubuntu-update11"><img id="image200" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/11.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update11" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/12.jpg" title="ubuntu-update12"><img id="image201" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/12.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update12" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/13.jpg" title="ubuntu-update13"><img id="image202" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/13.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update13" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/14.jpg" title="ubuntu-update14"><img id="image203" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/14.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update14" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/15.jpg" title="ubuntu-update15"><img id="image204" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/15.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update15" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/16.jpg" title="ubuntu-update16"><img id="image205" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/16.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update16" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/17.jpg" title="ubuntu-update17"><img id="image206" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/17.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update17" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/18.jpg" title="ubuntu-update18"><img id="image207" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/18.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update18" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/19.jpg" title="ubuntu-update19"><img id="image210" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/19.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update19" /></a><br />
<a class="imagelink" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/20.jpg" title="ubuntu-update20"><img id="image211" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/20.thumbnail.jpg" alt="ubuntu-update20" /><br />
</a></p>
<p class="akst_link"><a href="http://www.yatblog.com/?p=212&amp;akst_action=share-this"  title="E-mail this, post to del.icio.us, etc." id="akst_link_212" class="akst_share_link" rel="nofollow">Share This</a>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Change current user on Ubuntu</title>
		<link>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/07/18/change-user-on-ubuntu/</link>
		<comments>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/07/18/change-user-on-ubuntu/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Jul 2007 13:27:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Martin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.yatblog.com/2007/07/18/change-user-on-ubuntu/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Since the command &#8220;su&#8221; won&#8217;t work on Ubuntu, unless you change the configuration, you can use &#8220;sudo -s -u&#8221; to change the current user to the one specified in.
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]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Since the command &#8220;<strong>su</strong>&#8221; won&#8217;t work on Ubuntu, unless you change the configuration, you can use &#8220;<strong>sudo -s -u</strong>&#8221; to change the current user to the one specified in.</p>
<p class="akst_link"><a href="http://www.yatblog.com/?p=177&amp;akst_action=share-this"  title="E-mail this, post to del.icio.us, etc." id="akst_link_177" class="akst_share_link" rel="nofollow">Share This</a>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to install any package in Ubuntu</title>
		<link>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/23/how-to-install-any-package-in-ubuntu/</link>
		<comments>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/23/how-to-install-any-package-in-ubuntu/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Apr 2007 07:57:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Martin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/23/how-to-install-any-package-in-ubuntu/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[standard packages found in the repository (you can also use apt-get for this):
sudo aptitude search ABC (apt-cache search ABC)
sudo aptitude install ABC (sudo apt-get install ABC)
sudo aptitude remove ABC (sudo apt-get remove ABC)
.deb (watch out for unresolved dependencies!)
sudo dpkg -i ABC.deb
.rpm (use .deb packages preferably though)
sudo alien -i *.rpm
.tar.gz (requires sudo aptitude install checkinstall)
tar xzvf [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>standard packages found in the repository (you can also use apt-get for this):</strong></p>
<p>sudo aptitude search ABC (apt-cache search ABC)<br />
sudo aptitude install ABC (sudo apt-get install ABC)<br />
sudo aptitude remove ABC (sudo apt-get remove ABC)</p>
<p><strong>.deb (watch out for unresolved dependencies!)</strong></p>
<p>sudo dpkg -i ABC.deb</p>
<p><strong>.rpm (use .deb packages preferably though)</strong></p>
<p>sudo alien -i *.rpm</p>
<p><strong>.tar.gz (requires sudo aptitude install checkinstall)</strong></p>
<p>tar xzvf ABC.tar.gz<br />
cd ABC<br />
./configure<br />
make<br />
sudo checkinstall</p>
<p><strong>.package, .sh, .bin (just download and execute)</strong></p>
<p>chmod +x ABC<br />
./ABC</p>
<p><strong>.exe (requires you to have wine installed)</strong></p>
<p>wine ABC.exe</p>
<p class="akst_link"><a href="http://www.yatblog.com/?p=160&amp;akst_action=share-this"  title="E-mail this, post to del.icio.us, etc." id="akst_link_160" class="akst_share_link" rel="nofollow">Share This</a>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Cleaning up your Ubuntu Installation</title>
		<link>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/22/cleaning-up-your-ubuntu-installation/</link>
		<comments>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/22/cleaning-up-your-ubuntu-installation/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Apr 2007 18:31:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Martin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/22/cleaning-up-your-ubuntu-installation/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[After upgrading my Ubuntu 6.10 installation to the newest 7.04 (Feisty Fawn) over a thousand packages were upgraded. So it&#8217;s obvious that there were left some dependencies which are not needed anymore. Sure everything still works, but I like to clean up things on Operating Systems I use productively. That&#8217;s why I wrote a script [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>After upgrading my Ubuntu 6.10 installation to the newest 7.04 (Feisty Fawn) over a thousand packages were upgraded. So it&#8217;s obvious that there were left some dependencies which are not needed anymore. Sure everything still works, but I like to clean up things on Operating Systems I use productively. That&#8217;s why I wrote a script to clean up those dependencies with a single command. Here&#8217;s what you should do if you want to clean up your Ubuntu Installation (no matter which version) as well:</p>
<ol>
<li>Download and install the deborphan package. This is the application that finds unnecessary dependencies: &#8220;sudo apt-get install deborphan&#8221;</li>
<li>Execute this command until there are no more dependencies: &#8220;apt-get remove $(deborphan)&#8221;</li>
</ol>
<p>Alternatively, you can also put that command into a script, if you don&#8217;t want to remember that line:</p>
<ol>
<li>Download the script here: <a id="p158" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/04/del_orph_pkgs.txt">del_orph_pkgs.txt</a></li>
<li>Change the filename from &#8220;del_orph_pkgs.txt&#8221; to &#8220;del_orph_pkgs.sh&#8221; and do a &#8220;chmod +x del_orph_pkgs.sh&#8221; so we can execute it.</li>
<li>Execute the script with &#8220;sudo del_orph_pkgs.sh&#8221; multiple times until it won&#8217;t find anymore dependencies. This is necessary, because those libraries, which are not needed anymore, might have dependencies them self, which become obsolete. So another execution cycle will eliminate those as well.</li>
</ol>
<ol></ol>
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		<item>
		<title>How to get VMWare to work under Ubuntu Feisty Fawn</title>
		<link>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/21/vmware-work-under-feisty-fawn/</link>
		<comments>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/21/vmware-work-under-feisty-fawn/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Apr 2007 12:57:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Martin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/21/fix-vmware-to-work-under-ubuntu-feisty-fawn/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As many other ubuntu users I quickly upgraded my boxes to Ubuntu Feisty. But I soon realized, that VMWare did not work anymore, even though I tried to recompile its modules for the new kernel that came with feisty. After surfing the web and trying multiple solutions, I came up with this one, which seems [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As many other ubuntu users I quickly upgraded my boxes to Ubuntu Feisty. But I soon realized, that VMWare did not work anymore, even though I tried to recompile its modules for the new kernel that came with feisty. After surfing the web and trying multiple solutions, I came up with this one, which seems to work the best for VMWare Workstation and VMWare Server (although I haven&#8217;t tried it myself with the Server edition):</p>
<ol>
<li>Install Linux header for your current kernel: <em>sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r`</em>  <code style="color: #3366ff"><span style="color: #000000" /></code></li>
<li><code style="color: #3366ff"><span style="color: #000000" /></code><span style="color: #000000">Download these two files: <em><a id="p156" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/04/vmmon.tar">vmmon.tar</a> &#038; <a id="p155" href="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/04/vmnet.tar">vmnet.tar</a></em></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #000000">Move them to VMWare&#8217;s module folder: <em>sudo mv vmmon.tar vmnet.tar /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source/</em></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #000000">It&#8217;s also a good idea to change the owner of those files to root.root: <em>sudo chown root.root </em></span><em><span style="color: #000000">/usr/lib/vmware/modules/source/*tar</span></em></li>
<li><span style="color: #000000">Last but not least, rerun VMWare&#8217;s config file: <em>sudo /usr/bin/vmware-config.pl</em></span></li>
</ol>
<p><span style="color: #000000">If the above mentioned solution should not work for you, please post a comment and I will see how I can help you.<br />
</span></p>
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		<item>
		<title>KDevelop won&#8217;t compile project</title>
		<link>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/18/kdevelop-wont-compile-project/</link>
		<comments>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/18/kdevelop-wont-compile-project/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Apr 2007 11:30:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Martin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/18/kdevelop-does-not-work/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[KDevelop is a nice C++ IDE on Linux. As I installed it on my new Ubuntu box and wanted to run it, everything seemed fine, until I tried to compile a project.
If the following error message appears while trying to compile a KDevelop project:
make: aclocal: Command not found
make: *** [all] Error 127
*** Exited with status: [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>KDevelop is a nice C++ IDE on Linux. As I installed it on my new Ubuntu box and wanted to run it, everything seemed fine, until I tried to compile a project.<br />
If the following error message appears while trying to compile a KDevelop project:<em><br />
make: aclocal: Command not found<br />
make: *** [all] Error 127<br />
*** Exited with status: 2 ***</em></p>
<p>Install the following: &#8220;sudo apt-get install g++ gcc make automake1.9 libtool&#8221; and restart KDevelop. You should now be able to compile your projects without that error.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Unable to configure VMWare on Ubuntu</title>
		<link>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/13/unable-to-configure-vmware-on-ubuntu/</link>
		<comments>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/13/unable-to-configure-vmware-on-ubuntu/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 13 Apr 2007 11:39:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Martin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Other]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/13/unable-to-configure-vmware-on-ubuntu/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[While trying to install and configure VMWare Workstation on my new Ubuntu Desktop, i received the following error message:
“None of the pre-built vmmon modules for VMware Workstation is suitable for your running kernel. Do you want this program to try to build the vmmon module for your system (you need to have a C compiler [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>While trying to install and configure VMWare Workstation on my new Ubuntu Desktop, i received the following error message:</p>
<p>“<em>None of the pre-built vmmon modules for VMware Workstation is suitable for your running kernel. Do you want this program to try to build the vmmon module for your system (you need to have a C compiler installed on your system)?”</em></p>
<p>It seemed like I didn&#8217;t have the headers for my current kernel installed. A short “ <em>sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-$(uname -r)</em>” quickly did the trick and I was able to successfully complete the configuration.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Ubuntu Feisty Fawn</title>
		<link>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/11/ubuntu-feisty-fawn/</link>
		<comments>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/11/ubuntu-feisty-fawn/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Apr 2007 08:10:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Martin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.yatblog.com/2007/04/11/ubuntu-feisty-fawn/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Since I have completely switched from Gentoo to Ubuntu, (I was no longer able to mess around with my Gentoo installation, Ubuntu is just so much more stable right out of the box), I am eager to get my hands on the final release of Ubuntu Feisty Fawn (7.04). Ubuntu gets user-friendlier and more stable [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img width="202" height="55" border="0" style="text-align: left" name="graphics1" src="http://www.yatblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/04/sbres_1176279071_0__.png" />Since I have completely switched from Gentoo to Ubuntu, (I was no longer able to mess around with my Gentoo installation, Ubuntu is just so much more stable right out of the box), I am eager to get my hands on the final release of Ubuntu Feisty Fawn (7.04). Ubuntu gets user-friendlier and more stable with every release, no wonder it&#8217;s the world&#8217;s favorite Linux distribution. Feisty Fawn has not been released as final yet, only as BETA. But after reading  <a href="http://cpbotha.net/2007/04/10/a-critical-look-at-ubuntu-feisty-beta-on-an-hp-nc8430-laptop/">a critical look at ubuntu feisty beta on an hp nc8430 laptop</a>, I&#8217;m sure, it will improve on the Ubuntu experience even more and will introduce features like automatic codec detection even unknown to users of Mac OS X and Windows Vista.</p>
<p><br clear="left" /></p>
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		<item>
		<title>How to create your own SSL Certificate</title>
		<link>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/02/27/how-to-create-a-ssl-certificate/</link>
		<comments>http://www.yatblog.com/2007/02/27/how-to-create-a-ssl-certificate/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 27 Feb 2007 15:46:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Martin</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[The openssl toolkit is typically used to generate an RSA Private Key and a CSR (Certificate Signing Request). But it can also be used to generate self-signed certificates which can be used for testing purposes or internal usage.
Step 1: Generate a Private Key
The first step is to create your RSA Private Key. This key is [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The openssl toolkit is typically used to generate an RSA Private Key and a CSR (Certificate Signing Request). But it can also be used to generate self-signed certificates which can be used for testing purposes or internal usage.</p>
<p><strong>Step 1: Generate a Private Key</strong></p>
<p>The first step is to create your RSA Private Key. This key is a 1024 bit RSA key which is encrypted using Triple-DES and stored in a PEM format so that it is readable as ASCII text.</p>
<div class="codesnip-container" >openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 1024</div>
<p><strong>Step 2: Generate a CSR (Certificate Signing Request)</strong></p>
<p>Once the private key is generated a Certificate Signing Request can be generated. The CSR is then used in one of two ways. Ideally, the CSR will be sent to a Certificate Authority, such as Thawte or Verisign who will verify the identity of the requestor and issue a signed certificate. The second option is to self-sign the CSR, which will be demonstrated in the next section.</p>
<p>During the generation of the CSR, you will be prompted for several pieces of information. These are the X.509 attributes of the certificate. One of the prompts will be for &#8220;Common Name (e.g., YOUR name)&#8221;. It is important that this field be filled in with the fully qualified domain name of the server to be protected by SSL. If the website to be protected will be https://www.yatblog.com, then enter www.yatblog.com at this prompt. If you want to create a so called “wildcard” certificate, which means the same certificate can be used on an unlimited number of subdomains,  just enter an asterisk as the hostname, in our example that would be *.yatblog.com. The command to generate the CSR is as follows:</p>
<div class="codesnip-container" >openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr</div>
<p><strong>Step 3: Remove Passphrase from Key</strong></p>
<p>One unfortunate side-effect of the pass-phrased private key is that Apache will ask for the pass-phrase each time the web server is started. Obviously this is not necessarily convenient as someone will not always be around to type in the pass-phrase, such as after a reboot or crash. mod_ssl includes the ability to use an external program in place of the built-in pass-phrase dialog, however, this is not necessarily the most secure option either. It is possible to remove the Triple-DES encryption from the key, thereby no longer needing to type in a pass-phrase. If the private key is no longer encrypted, it is critical that this file only be readable by the root user! If your system is ever compromised and a third party obtains your unencrypted private key, the corresponding certificate will need to be revoked. With that being said, use the following command to remove the pass-phrase from the key:</p>
<div class="codesnip-container" >cp server.key server.key.org<br />
openssl rsa -in server.key.org -out server.key</div>
<p>The newly created server.key file has no passphrase in it anymore.</p>
<div class="codesnip-container" >-rw-r&#8211;r&#8211; 1 root root 745 Jun 29 12:19 server.csr<br />
-rw-r&#8211;r&#8211; 1 root root 891 Jun 29 13:22 server.key<br />
-rw-r&#8211;r&#8211; 1 root root 963 Jun 29 13:22 server.key.org</div>
<p><strong>Step 4: Generating a Self-Signed Certificate</strong></p>
<p>At this point you will need to generate a self-signed certificate because you either don&#8217;t plan on having your certificate signed by a CA, or you wish to test your new SSL implementation while the CA is signing your certificate. This temporary certificate will generate an error in the client browser to the effect that the signing certificate authority is unknown and not trusted.</p>
<p>To generate a temporary certificate which is good for 365 days, issue the following command:</p>
<div class="codesnip-container" >openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt</div>
<p><strong>Step 5: Installing the Private Key and Certificate</strong></p>
<p>When Apache with mod_ssl is installed, it creates several directories in the Apache config directory. The location of this directory will differ depending on how Apache was compiled.</p>
<div class="codesnip-container" >cp server.crt /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.crt<br />
cp server.key /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.key</div>
<p><strong>Step 6: Configuring SSL Enabled Virtual Hosts</strong></p>
<div class="codesnip-container" >&lt;VirtualHost www.yourdomain.com:443&gt;<br />
SSLEngine on<br />
SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.crt/server.crt<br />
SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.key/server.key<br />
SetEnvIf User-Agent &#8220;.*MSIE.*&#8221; nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown<br />
&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</div>
<p>If you want to redirect connections to the standard, unencrypted port 80, simply use the following lines:</p>
<div class="codesnip-container" >&lt;VirtualHost mail.design-monster.com:80&gt;<br />
RedirectPermanent / https://www.yourdomain.com<br />
&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</div>
<p><strong>Step 7: Restart Apache and Test</strong></p>
<div class="codesnip-container" >/etc/init.d/apache2 restart</div>
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